Why is Sky Blue?

One of the first questions children often pose to themselves about why the sky is blue is “Why does it have color?”. While this question might seem complicated at first, the answer can actually be quite straightforward and easily found online. Sky filled with air has tiny gas particles called air molecules – we know…

Why the Sky is Blue and Sunsets Are Reddish PPT

The sky appears blue because molecules in the atmosphere scatter light of all wavelengths; shorter-wavelength light being scattered more heavily than longer wavelengths; which explains why it appears blue during daylight hours. At sunrise or sunset, when the sun moves closer to the horizon, more blue light scatters away while more red light reaches your…

Five Spacecraft Docked at the International Space Station

There are five spacecraft currently docked to the International Space Station, including SpaceX Dragon cargo ship and Russian Soyuz capsule which will return three astronauts home. SpaceX Dragon automatically linked up with station on Thursday while Soyuz capsule will transport astronauts back home. The Soyuz MS-22 carrying US astronaut Frank Rubio and Russian cosmonauts Dmitry…

Spacecraft Attitude Dynamics and Control

Spacecraft attitudes must be stabilized and controlled for various reasons: to point toward Earth so the high-gain antenna may work, achieve precise pointing for experiments onboard, or guide their orbital path. This integrated field investigates sensors, actuators, and algorithms which help orient vehicles to meet desired attitude requirements. Kinematics Kinematic equations describe the movement of…