France is an incredible nation, boasting rich history, culture and language. For those interested in France – or simply curious – here are some interesting facts about their fascinating nation!
-French don’t leave tips (other than those given directly to their chef). They believe this lowers quality of service.
French language
French is one of the world’s most widely spoken and studied foreign languages, being spoken by over 125 million people on five continents and second only to English for foreign language study. Furthermore, it serves as the official language in Belgium, Switzerland, Canada and taught to more than 100 nations worldwide – replacing Latin as the language of diplomacy and court proceedings in Europe by 17th Century as its predecessor – as well as being spread further afield through France’s colonial empire’s influence throughout Africa and the Caribbean.
The oldest known text written in French dates back to 842 and includes oaths known as the Strasbourg Oaths, featuring Picard and Walloon elements that reveal some of the challenges associated with spelling the language at that time.
French is considered an easy language to learn despite its complex grammar and phonology, with Latin alphabet being used without gender-inflected nouns making learning the language relatively simple for newcomers.
French is an indispensable language, used across numerous sectors such as aviation, space exploration and international business. As the third most influential international commerce language it also has strong roots in education, medicine and technology – as well as being the most widely spoken foreign language spoken across Europe and forming part of their cultures.
French is an indispensable language skill in international business, listed by more than half of Fortune 500 companies among their top ten skills. This is likely due to France being a global leader in aerospace, medical research and genetics with landmark developments like Pasteur Institute and microchip inventions.
French culture
France boasts an enchanting culture forged over centuries by the interplay of different regions and traditions, such as linguistic accents, food, fashion, family structures, leisure activities, industry, art, etc. Their history of interaction with other cultures such as North Africa and the Caribbean also influences them heavily; evidenced in French using many English words or phrases and in their cuisine.
Paris may be at the epicenter of French culture, but life in its regions varies dramatically. 19th-century French literature depicted scenes of provincial youth making their mark on Paris through mandatory military service, nationalized education and suppressing local languages. Policies encouraged this migration via mandatory military service and education policies which provided universal access.
French culture today is an amalgamation of metropolitan and regional identities, with major cities often possessing their own distinct cultures in terms of cuisine, fashion, art and architecture. Away from cities however, regional identities become stronger. For instance in Provence’s south it can be found rooted in lavender fields and Mediterranean breezes with festivals and markets with vibrant displays, handmade Santons figurines nativity figurines, petanque (boules) games turning city squares into arenas for friendly competition – among many others!
French culture is distinguished by a commitment to egalite, or equality, which manifests itself in secularism and an open approach to sexual activity outside marriage. This creates a more relaxed society than other European nations while serving as an inspiration to many other countries worldwide.
French cuisine
French cuisine has long been revered for its long history and global recognition. While there are varying aspects to this cuisine, three categories stand out: haute cuisine, provincial cuisine and nouvelle cuisine – each reflecting different aspects such as time period, technique and cultural influence.
France’s cuisine is heavily influenced by terroir, or environmental conditions that influence its flavor, such as pot-au-feu from Paris and steak frites from Normandy. As a result, many dishes can only be found in certain regions within France – such as pot-au-feu from Paris and steak frites in Normandy.
Middle Ages France saw an amalgam of Roman influence and local ingredients shaping its culinary identity. Guilds emerged to regulate professions and establish standards of excellence for culinary practices; these standards would become an early precursor of culinary traditions that would influence French cooking over centuries to come.
Francois Pierre La Varenne is often considered the author of what is widely recognized as the first French cookbook: Le Cuisinier Francois. This work encouraged chefs to record their recipes and spread interest in French cuisine abroad; with subsequent colonization and revolution only expanding this trend further.
French cuisine is famed for its love of cheese, often featured as part of meals. Popular varieties such as Roquefort and Camembert can be found, along with more unusual options created using traditional methods. Furthermore, France is widely recognized for producing wines of exceptional complexity and quality.
A typical French meal typically consists of an hors d’oeuvre or appetizer, a plat principal dish featuring fish, meat or vegetables as the main course and fromage as dessert. Hors d’oeuvre may include an appetizer such as soup; the main course should follow with fish, meat or vegetable dishes before light desserts such as chocolate or fruit are presented at the end of this three-part feast.
French art
French art is an unrivalled cultural treasure. From Parisian architecture to Marcel Proust’s literary works, French art has left an indelible mark on global cultural history. Additionally, this country boasts rich traditions of painting, sculpture and poetry that play such an essential role in its collective consciousness.
French art reaches back to the Upper Paleolithic period and boasts some of its finest examples from this time period. Additionally, modern France offers an impressive collection of prehistoric art from Chatelperronian, Aurignacian, Solutrean and Magdalenian cultures dating back to this era.
In the 17th century, an artistic movement known as “French classicism” began surfacing with artists like Georges de la Tour and Nicolas Poussin. This style sought to emulate antiquity both through subject matter and meticulous realism as practiced by Greek and Roman painters of their day.
At the turn of the 18th century, a new artistic movement that would later become known as romanticism emerged. It featured images with vivid landscapes, exotic motifs, tragic anti-hero characters and scenes from medieval and Renaissance settings. Artists like Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres were deeply impacted by this movement and often produced images that deviated from his traditional Academy training.
At the turn of the 20th century, Paris had established itself as an epicenter for modernist art; its bohemian cafe life in Montmartre attracted avant-garde artists from around the globe. Impressionism soon gave way to Post-Impressionism while Fauvism led to Cubism and Surrealism – with world-class artists including Edouard Manet, Pierre August Renoir, Claude Monet and Henri Matisse among its luminaries.
French literature
From medieval poetry and prose, to existential writing of the 20th century, French literature has traversed numerous eras and genres – yet some themes remain consistent across each era, exploring societal concerns and exploring human nature and society; these include love, passion, power and corruption, human nature and society, freedom and existential questions – each period has their own variations on these topics to reflect its specific social and political climate.
French culture has always had a deep-seated love of literature. They boast a long tradition of literary production that is highly esteemed around the globe; its writers such as Jean Paul Sartre and Albert Camus continue this legacy with great literary works that examine human condition.
Early French poetry was greatly influenced by troubadours’ work, while medieval French writers prized verisimilitude, or creating the appearance of reality and truth in their work – this can be seen in works such as Roman de Renart that describes feudal society through animal actions.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, Descartes’s logical logic and Racine’s poetic talent laid the groundwork for classic French literature. Works written during these centuries frequently employed court culture language which highlighted reason and formal perfection as its hallmarks.
The 20th century witnessed a dramatic shift in French literature, from novel writing to “engage” writing (committed writing) following World War II. This period saw a return to complex poetry as well as new philosophical topics being explored; nonnative writers such as Irishman Samuel Beckett, Czech expatriate Milan Kundera and Chinese immigrant Gao Xingjian were welcome contributors to French culture during this time period.